Forest Health Assessment in Four Jordanian Reserves Located in Semi-Arid Environments

نویسندگان

چکیده

Healthy forests are essential to human life because they provide food, energy, and other benefits including carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was assess the health status in Mediterranean ecosystems, specifically, arid semi-arid. Four forest reserves directed by Royal Society for Conservation Nature, Jordan were evaluated. Plant indicators [(gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration), chlorophyll, middy stem water potential (Ψsmd), relative content], regeneration, lichens, plant disease, as well soil variables (respiration CO2-C, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, microorganisms’ abundance) measured. Ψsmd values those semi-arid/arid ecosystems within normal ranges (−0.3 −1.3 MPa) spring but under extreme stress (−1.6 −5.3 summer three reserves. Similarly, gas reduced 25%–90% (compared spring) across studied forests. Although regeneration (seedling per 1000 m2) higher than 100 two (Ajloun Dibbeen), number seedlings hiking sites extremely low both Soil reveled that respiration CO2-C 25 mg kg−1 [Ajloun, Dibbeen, (except zone)]. mean saprophytes (number g−1) ranged from 86 377 In addition, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (spores 100g−1 soil) between 350 877. EC consistently optimal (less 0.5 dS m−1) pH slightly basic (7.5–8.3) results revealed fluctuation rainfall anthropogenic pressures (grazing, hiking) led partial degradation. When (Dana Biosphere Reserve) received 81 mm annual precipitation, Juniperus phoenicea at −4.4 MPa, lichens less 20 m2, several trees dead after infected with air borne pathogens wilt diseases die back. Intensive activities (Dibbeen forests, tourism area) heavy grazing (Yarmouk frosts) respiration. Interestingly, native species had better relations (RWC, Ψsmd) performance introduced species. Overall, it is grow species, exclude pressure on territory conservation programs must persist sustain historical (>600 year old), Quercus ithaburensis (>500 Pinus halepensis (>100 old) semi-arid

برای دانلود باید عضویت طلایی داشته باشید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Potassium reserves in soils with arid and semi-arid climate in southern Iran: a perspective based on potassium fixation

ABSTRACT- The present research was conducted to study K forms and fixation in soils of southern Iran (Hormozgan Province) with aridic and aridic-ustic regimes and to address the relations between soil mineralogy and potassium forms. Thirteen surface soil samples (0-25 cm) were collected from different regions and analyzed in laboratory. Illite and feldspar and mica are the major clay and soil m...

متن کامل

Assessment of Range Health Changes in Zagros Semi-Arid Rangelands, Iran (Case Study: Chalghafa- Semirom-Isfahan)

Rangeland health assessment provides qualitative information on ecosystemattributes. We examined changes in rangeland health in the Zagros semi-arid rangelands ofIran at fixed sites between 2001 and 2011, over the 10-year period. The rangelandfragments significantly declines in the quality of the vegetation, and changes in plantspecies were driven largely by seasonality, and to a lesser extent,...

متن کامل

Forage yield and quality of barley-annual medic intercrops in semi-arid environments

On-farm production of protein is limited in most dairy farm operations in arid and semi-arid environments. Cereal-legume intercropping could be a viable option to obtain forage with higher protein content. A two-year experiment was conducted during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons in a loamy soil to determine whether intercropping pattern of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and annual medic (Medica...

متن کامل

Modeling Carbon Sinks and Sources in semi-arid Environments for a Land Degradation Assessment Approach

Contrary to wetlands or moderate climates, the understanding of carbon exchange between ecosystem and atmosphere in arid and semi-arid environments is more challenging due to the sensible feedback of terrestrial ecosystems to environmental variability. Especially in the savannah regions of South Africa the biomes are strongly affected on the one hand by low and sporadic precipitation and on the...

متن کامل

Salt accumulation in semi-arid floodplain soils with implications for forest health

Dieback of native Eucalyptus largiflorens forests is an increasing problem on the floodplains of the lower River Murray, southern Australia. Salinisation of floodplain soils, as a result of the changed hydrological management of the River Murray, appears to be a primary cause of the dieback. Regulation of the River Murray has reduced the frequency of large flood events by a factor of approximat...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Forests

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['1999-4907']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f14050918